The understanding of human central nervous system (CNS) depends on knowledge of its wiring. Although, neuroscientists are performing various experiments to explore wirings, there are still gaps in our understanding of this wiring due to technical difficulties. And yet, there is no satisfactory theory on how these unknown parts of CNS operate. Therefore, neuroscientists rely upon the knowledge that is obtained in animal studies. While also some information is coming out from human experiments, medical research is lacking of simulation models to put current findings together to obtain the global picture and to predict hypotheses to lead future experiments. Agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) is a strong candidate such simulation models. ABMS is a new approach suitable for analyzing complex systems and evaluating theories and models of complex systems (especially for social or biological systems). In this study, we discuss the current status of “neural wiring” and “ABMS in biological systems”. Nevertheless, the study in particular, discusses how the ABMS context provides features that require for exploration of wiring of human CNS.